Eur. J. Entomol. 116: 341-361, 2019 | DOI: 10.14411/eje.2019.037

A review of taxonomy and flower-breeding ecology of the Colocasiomyia toshiokai species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with description of a new species from IndonesiaOriginal article

Tao SHI1,8, Masanori J. TODA2, Kohei Takenaka TAKANO3,4, Masako YAFUSO5, Awit SUWITO6, Sin Yeng WONG7, Su-Qin SHANG8,*, Jian-Jun GAO1,9,*
1 Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China; e-mails: 502970289@163.com, gaojj@ynu.edu.cn
2 Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, N10 W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan; e-mail: hutian@lemon.plala.or.jp
3 Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
4 Nagano Environmental Conservation Research Institute, Kitago 2054-120, Nagano 381-0075, Japan; e-mail: takano-kohei-r@pref.nagano.lg.jp
5 Uema 1-2-21, Naha, Okinawa 902-0073, Japan; e-mail: yafusom@juno.ocn.ne.jp
6 Zoology Division (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense), Research Center for Biology-LIPI, Jl, Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia; e-mail: awitswt@yahoo.com
7 Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia; e-mail: sywong@unimas.my
8 Department of Entomology, College of grassland science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China; e-mail: suqinsh@126.com
9 Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China

Flies of the Colocasiomyia toshiokai species group depend exclusively on inflorescences/infructescences of the aroid tribe Homalomeneae. The taxonomy and reproductive biology of this group is reviewed on the basis of data and samples collected from Southeast Asia. The species boundaries are determined by combining morphological analyses and molecular species delimitation based on sequences of the mitochondrial COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) gene. For the phylogenetic classification within this species group, a cladistic analysis of all the member species is conducted based on 29 parsimony-informative, morphological characters. As a result, six species are recognised within the toshiokai group, including one new species, viz. C. toshiokai, C. xanthogaster, C. nigricauda, C. erythrocephala, C. heterodonta and C. rostrata sp. n. Various host plants are utilised by these species in different combinations at different localities: Some host plants are monopolized by a single species, while others are shared by two or three species. C. xanthogaster and C. heterodonta cohabit on the same host plant in West Java, breeding on spatially different parts of the spadix. There is a close synchrony between flower-visiting behaviour of flies and flowering events of host plants, which indicate an intimate pollination mutualism.

Keywords: Diptera, Drosophilidae, Colocasiomyia toshiokai species group, DNA barcoding, species delimitation, taxonomy, Araceae, Homalomena, Aglaonema, flower-breeding ecology, Malaysia, Indonesia

Received: March 7, 2019; Revised: July 31, 2019; Accepted: July 31, 2019; Published online: October 17, 2019  Show citation

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SHI, T., TODA, M.J., TAKANO, K.T., YAFUSO, M., SUWITO, A., WONG, S.Y., SHANG, S., & GAO, J. (2019). A review of taxonomy and flower-breeding ecology of the Colocasiomyia toshiokai species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with description of a new species from Indonesia. EJE, 116, Article 341-361. https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2019.037
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