Eur. J. Entomol. 115: 504-511, 2018 | DOI: 10.14411/eje.2018.050

Does Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) distribute its galls randomly?Original article

Sebastian PILICHOWSKI1, Marian J. GIERTYCH1,2
1 University of Zielona Góra, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Prof. Z. Szafrana Str. 1, Zielona Góra 65-516, Poland; e-mail: s.pilichowski@wnb.uz.zgora.pl
2 Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Dendrology, Parkowa Str. 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; e-mail: giertych@man.poznan.pl

It is expected that environmental conditions impact the distribution of galls on host plants. Moreover, insects may induce their galls randomly or choose certain parts of a host to induce such growths. This study aimed to determine whether or not the gall midge, Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), which induces galls on leaves of the European beech (Fagus sylvatica), prefers leaves facing a particular cardinal direction. In addition, we wanted to ascertain whether the galls are evenly spread across three leaf zones: proximal, median and distal, distinguished by dividing leaf area along the midrib. The results show that H. annulipes chose leaves facing various directions in different studied locations, and leaf choice is not restricted to the specific leaf area, a parameter that accurately reflects the light conditions of leaf growth. Moreover, the medial leaf zone was preferred, while the distal zone was avoided. The choice of the leaf zone modified the distance between the mid-rib and a gall. Gall distribution in the crown of trees is probably random, while at the leaf level, it is determined by leaf morphology.

Keywords: Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Hartigiola annulipes, gall midge, gall distribution, leaf zones, specific leaf area, cardinal directions

Received: January 17, 2018; Revised: July 15, 2018; Accepted: July 15, 2018; Published online: September 14, 2018  Show citation

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PILICHOWSKI, S., & GIERTYCH, M.J. (2018). Does Hartigiola annulipes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) distribute its galls randomly? EJE, 115, Article 504-511. https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2018.050
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